Build a Multi Entity Group Model

This guide explains how to model a corporate group consisting of multiple legal entities, each with its own financials, but with consolidated group reporting.

Before you start

You should know:

  • Which legal entities exist in the group.

  • Whether they are in the same tax group or separate tax groups.

  • Which entities own assets, take on debt and employ staff.

If you have historical data per entity (from PDFs, Excel or accounting systems), have those ready.

What you will build

  • One branch per legal entity.

  • Optional sub branches for divisions within each entity.

  • Entity specific variables and drivers.

  • Group level tax and financing, if required.

  • Group level consolidated statements and valuation.

Steps

1

Create the group and entity branches

  • Create a Group branch as the root.

  • Under Group, add one branch for each entity, for example:

    • Entity A

    • Entity B

    • Entity C

  • If entities are complex, create child branches inside each entity for divisions or projects.

2

Populate each entity with variables

Within each entity branch:

  • Add Revenue variables for that entity’s activities.

  • Add COGS, Opex and Staff variables for entity specific costs.

  • Add Assets and Liabilities:

    • Capex and asset balances.

    • Loans and other borrowings.

  • Enter Opening balances for assets, liabilities and equity where required.

Keep entity names in variable labels to avoid confusion, for example:

  • Revenue - Entity A - Subscriptions

  • Opex - Entity B - Marketing

3

Configure entity level tax and working capital

For each entity:

  • Set its effective tax rate if tax is calculated per entity.

  • Set tax payment frequency where relevant.

  • For working capital:

    • Ensure delays for revenue and expenses reflect entity specific customer and supplier terms.

    • This will create AR and AP per entity.

If the group uses consolidated tax:

  • You can model entity tax at group level using variables that aggregate EBT across entities.

4

Add group level financing and adjustments

At the Group branch:

  • Add Debt variables that represent group level borrowings.

  • Add Equity variables for group capital injections.

  • Add any group level adjustments:

    • Management fees.

    • Group service charges.

    • Intercompany eliminations (if modelled explicitly).

Document the logic for any group level adjustments in variable notes.

5

Review entity level statements

For each entity:

  • Filter reports to that entity branch.

  • Confirm:

    • P&L matches expectations for that legal entity.

    • Balance Sheet balances and reflects entity specific assets, liabilities and equity.

    • Cashflow and Cash Waterfall show an intuitive cash pattern.

Fix all entity level issues before worrying about the group.

6

Validate group consolidation

At the Group branch:

  • Open P&L:

    • Check that group Revenue equals total of all entities plus any group specific items.

    • Check that group EBITDA, EBIT and NPAT behave logically.

  • Open Balance Sheet:

    • Confirm that Assets = Liabilities + Equity.

    • Check that loans, AR, AP and other balances roll up correctly.

  • Open Cashflow Statement and Cash Waterfall:

    • Review group level operating, investing and financing cashflows.

    • Confirm that cash reconciles with Balance Sheet cash.

7

Model group level valuation

  • Open valuation settings at group level.

  • Set:

    • Group WACC and equity discount rates.

    • Terminal value assumptions.

  • Review:

    • FCFF and FCFE series.

    • Group NPV, IRR, Money Multiple and Payback.

  • Optionally compare valuations for:

    • Different group structures.

    • Different entity level scenarios.

Check your work

  • Entity branches correctly reflect legal entities.

  • Entities with their own tax treatment behave correctly at P&L and cash level.

  • Group level financing and adjustments are not double counted.

  • Group Balance Sheet balances in all periods.

  • Cash Waterfall reconciles with the Cashflow Statement.

Troubleshooting

chevron-rightEntities look right but group is wronghashtag

Confirm that all relevant entity branches are enabled when looking at group results.

chevron-rightTax seems too high or low at group levelhashtag

Check whether you are modelling tax per entity or per group, and avoid double counting.

chevron-rightIntercompany flows distort resultshashtag

Consider explicit elimination variables in the group branch to cancel intercompany transactions.

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