# Fundamental Data Mapping

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This article explains how Model Reef maps imported ticker fundamentals into the internal model structure so P\&L, Balance Sheet and Cashflow outputs behave correctly.

You will learn:

* How each fundamental line is classified.
* How categories and subcategories are chosen.
* How the company is represented as a branch.
* How mapping affects reporting and valuation.
  {% endhint %}

## Stock Ticker Fundamentals - Fundamental Data Mapping

### Mapping to variable types

When fundamentals are imported, each line is mapped to a **variable type** that controls its accounting behaviour. Typical mappings include:

* Revenue type for sales and operating income lines.
* COGS type for cost of goods sold or direct costs.
* Opex or Staff type for operating expenses and payroll related items.
* Asset type for property, plant and equipment, intangibles and other long term assets.
* Liability type for short term and long term debt and other obligations.
* Equity type for share capital and retained earnings.
* Tax type for income tax expense and related balances.
* Dividend type for cash distributions to shareholders.

Choosing the correct type ensures that each line flows into the statements and valuation engine as expected.

### Mapping to categories and subcategories

Model Reef assigns each variable to a **category** and optional **subcategory** for reporting. For example:

* Revenue lines -> `Revenue` category with product or segment subcategories.
* Cost lines -> `COGS - Direct` or `Opex - Operating` categories.
* Asset lines -> `Assets - Current` or `Assets - Non Current`.
* Liability lines -> `Liabilities - Current` or `Liabilities - Non Current`.
* Equity and retained earnings -> `Equity` category.
* Tax and dividend lines -> appropriate P\&L and Cashflow mappings.

You can adjust these mappings later to match your preferred presentation, but the defaults aim to create clean, standard statements immediately.

### Mapping to the company branch

All ticker fundamentals for a given company are mapped to a **single branch** representing that company, for example:

* Branch name: `Apple Inc (AAPL)`
* All revenue, cost, asset, liability and cashflow variables for that company live inside this branch.

If you want more structural detail, you can:

* Add sub branches and reassign some variables.
* Create derived variables that split or reclassify totals.
* Use custom drivers to reflect segment or geography level detail.

By default, the company branch is a self contained modelling unit that can be placed inside a larger group or portfolio structure if needed.

### How mapping affects reports

The mapping decisions determine:

* Where lines appear on the **P\&L**.
* Which items are treated as **assets vs liabilities** on the Balance Sheet.
* How cashflows are classified into **operating, investing and financing** sections.
* How lines are arranged in the **Cashflow Waterfall**.
* How free cashflows are computed for valuations (FCFF and FCFE).

You can always customise the presentation later through categories and custom reports, but the fundamental mapping is what makes the model self consistent.

### Adjusting mapping after import

After a fundamentals import you can:

* Change a variable's type if you want to reinterpret a line (for example cost reclassification).
* Move a variable to a different category or subcategory to better match your reporting.
* Move variables between branches if you are building a more complex group structure.
* Use adjustment variables to represent alternative classifications without changing the original imported line.

Because all imported series are stored in the Data Library, you retain a clear link back to the original fundamentals even if you change the way they are presented.

## Related articles

* [Grant Funding Models](/use-cases/not-for-profit-and-education/grant-funding-models.md)
* [Build a Multi Division Model](/how-tos/core-modelling/build-a-multi-division-model.md)
* [Importing & Data Inputs](/help/importing-and-data-inputs.md)
* [Driver Editor Screen](/syntax/understanding-the-interface/driver-editor-screen.md)


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